Spin-Orbit Coupled Dynamics of Ferromagnetic Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate

Qiang Zhao Department of Applied Physics, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China

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In this paper, we investigate the dynamic properties of spin-orbit coupling spin-1 ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensates with different trap geometry. Our results are obtained in terms of the three-component Gross-Pitaevskii equation of mean-field theory. Two kinds of trap potential are discussed: isotropic and anisotropic. It is shown that the spin-exchange dynamics are greatly influenced by trap geometry. For the latter with weak spin-orbit coupling strength, we find that the three-component oscillation accelerates and some small difference emerges between component m=1 and m=-1. With the increase in spin-orbit coupling strength, the three components reach almost the same population. In addition, the kinetic energy of the system changes within a small scope for strong spin-orbit coupling, as opposed to a constant value in an isotropic trap. The density distributions display that the stripe phase appears with the increase in spin-orbit coupling strength. The method of generating stripe structure is different from the ground state of ferromagnetic condensate. For isotropic trap, the spatial separation of top and bottom spin-orbit condensates in component m=1 and m=-1 occurs at weak spin-orbit coupling, and square lattice appears at strong spin-orbit coupling.

DOI:10.12693/APhysPolA.145.162 topics: stripe phase, dynamics process, spin-orbit coupled, spinor condensate