Numerical Study of Vortex Dynamics in Dipolar Bose Atomic Gases

Qiang Zhaoa, Hong-Jing Bib, Xiao-Meng Yanga, Li-Li Zhangc aDepartment of Applied Physics, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China bDepartment of Computer Science, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan 063000, China cCenter for Publishing, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China

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In this paper, we study the dynamics of a single vortex and a corotating vortex pair in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates under rotation. The results are obtained by numerically solving the nonlinear Gross-Pitaevskii equation. It is displayed that the dynamics behaviour is strongly dependent on the polarization angle and the rotation frequency. For a single vortex, the clockwise rotation occurs with an increasing rotation frequency, and the rotation direction is constant. The x coordinate and y coordinate as a function of time show that the single vortex is accelerated. The oscillation frequency is larger in the case of the totally repulsive dipolar interaction than for the anisotropic dipolar interaction. For a corotating vortex pair, the dynamic is different than in the case of a single vortex. When the rotation frequency is gradually increased, the corotating vortex pair spins from anti-clockwise to clockwise direction and the anisotropic dipolar interaction is fully embodied. In this process, the system has a critical rotation frequency to accomplish such transition. In addition, the vortex motion is confined to a small extent at this critical rotation frequency. These results reflect a competition between rotation and dipolar interaction.

DOI:10.12693/APhysPolA.141.578 topics: vortex motion, dipole-dipole interaction, Bose-Einstein condensates