Integration of Beer-Lambert and van 't Hoff Laws for Salinity Detection using Remote Sensing Spectroscopy

A. Dehnia, N. Kheloufib aDépartement Système d'Information à Référence Spatial - S.I.R.S., Service Modélisation des Systèmes Spatiaux, Centre des Techniques Spatiales, BP 13 rue de Palestine Arzew, 31200 Oran, Algeria bDépartement Géodésie Spatiale, Service Modélisation Ionosphérique par GNSS, Centre des Techniques Spatiales, BP 13 rue de Palestine Arzew, 31200 Oran, Algeria

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This paper presents a technique based on optical detection of the salinity by integrating both Beer-Lambert and van 't Hoff laws regarding remote sensing spectroscopy. Classical detection techniques using polychromatic waveband by field computation and experimental data are, on the one hand, time-consuming and on the other hand expensive and less accurate. Therefore, best precision is reached by implementing monochromatic wavelength from multispectral bands (Landsat 8) and spectroscopy USGS database. Our method aims to identify spectral reflectance of NaCl and KCl salts through satellite images using calibration process and atmospheric correction by dark object subtraction method, thermal infra-red sensor, and operational land imager. We have performed an automated tool detection using intrinsic physical parameters such as absorbance, radiance, reflectance, and transmittance, related dynamically to osmotic pressure, thermodynamic temperature from surface emissivity, and finally molar concentration of salts. The results illustrate that osmotic pressure is influenced by temperature at infra-red shortwave and more sensitive for thermal infra-red sensor, blue, and costal bands, which is affected by aerosol scattering diffusion and water absorption attenuation. This means that pressure and low temperature act synergistically in mixture mass attenuation coefficient or quantitative concentrations of materials and molar absorption. The infra-red short-wave properties are the most diffusing according to sigmoidal model adaptation. The best correlation was demonstrated by vapor pressure (exponential model) for the blue wave band (99.43%) and the dose response model (DR-Hill) for panchromatic wave band (98.4%). The results confirm that for small particles, the Rayleigh diffusion is predominate depending on the concentration of electrolyte and the wavelength polarization. The models demonstrate that the wave bands near 260, 1400, and 2100 nm are more sensitive to humidity and salinity absorption. Spectral curves of halite and sylvite salts have more intense electronic and vibrational effects in the short-wave field according to their solubility product chromophores, such as water, due to the presence of salt.

DOI:10.12693/APhysPolA.136.367 topics: optical detection, salinity absorbance, Beer-Lambert, van 't Hoff, monochromatic, Landsat 8